Colin Peacock
Auckland, June 1, 2019
Three times in one week, the powers-that-be intruded on journalists in Australia to try and dig out sources of controversial stories of clear public interest.
Media freedom advocates there say a new law is now needed to reinforce the right to know. Should we take note too?
The Afghan Files
The Police raid that rocked Australia’s public broadcaster the ABC related to a series of stories two years ago known as ‘The Afghan Files.’
Under the heading Defence leak exposes deadly secrets of Australia’s special forces, it alleged misconduct of Australian troops serving in Afghanistan revealed in what is alleged to be leaked classified material.
One man already faces charges for that.
ABC Investigations Editor John Lyons said that watching Police Officers sifting through source material on ABC premises was like “ having surgery while conscious.”
“I was seeing and hearing things which I’d rather not be. It felt a complete violation of us both as journalists and citizens, and it had nothing to do with national security.”
But this wasn’t the only intrusion by Australian Federal Police on journalism which hit the headlines this week.
Another on ‘The Australian’
Annika Smethurst’s paper The Australian was incensed about police raiding her home in pursuit of a story about alleged illegal spying by the Australian Signals Directorate.
“Several officers arrived at the house of the award-winning Political Editor yesterday (June 8) with a search warrant, rifling through her personal items including her underwear,” the paper reported, pulling down its online paywall so that all the world could see its stories.
“She was subjected to what her employer and the Union has dubbed intimidation and harassment,” The Australian said.
Sydney talk Radio host Ben Fordham then revealed he was targeted this week after reporting asylum seeker boats were making their way to Australia, citing a source at the Home Affairs Department.
He said he that was contacted twice more by “senior figures” wanting to identify the source of the leak.
Un-Australian: Alan Jones
His 2GB colleague Alan Jones, the Station’s heaviest hitter, told his listeners all this was un-Australian because his colleague’s story and Ms Smethurst’s spying yarn were both in the public interest.
Mr Jones, who has been a vocal supporter of Liberal Party Prime Ministers over the years, went on to call out the Prime Minister Scott Morrison personally.
“The least the government should say is that this will never ever happen again under our government. You have a smile on your face that you are a good sort of avuncular dorky sort of bloke and we are relying on you. You are the hope of the side here. This is not Australia as we want it to be,” he said.
New Security Laws
Mr Morrison has insisted the AFP were simply following the law.
True enough, said leading Australian media freedom advocate Peter Greste in the Guardian. But only because Australia’s parliament has passed a slew of national security laws in recent years that restrict and even criminalise the legitimate work of journalists.
The National Security Amendment Act in 2014 introduced jail terms of up to ten years for journalists who disclosed covert intelligence operations.
The Foreign Fighters Act provided for journalists to be jailed for publishing news reports or ads that might help terrorists recruit.
A year later, the Data Retention Act empowered the Police and other state agencies to access journalists’ metadata that could reveal their confidential sources – in some cases, without a warrant.
A year ago, Mr Greste told Mediawatch that they pressed hard for public interest tests in all these laws to protect journalism.
“The government is drafting legislation so loosely that it effectively criminalises some of the most important work of journalists and that’s what we need to protect.”
The pushback
Last year, Australian news media united to oppose the National Security Legislation Amendment Bill which Mr Greste said could criminalise all steps of news reporting, from newsgathering and researching to handling information and publication.
The Bill was eventually watered down, but this week’s ABC raid shows public interest tests don’t always protest reporters.
When the Police descended on the ABC in Sydney on Wednesday (June 5), the lengthy warrant documents cited a much older law: the Crimes Act 1914.
“In 2018 the laws changed to give public interest defences to journalists but it’s not applying in this case,” said Paul Barry, the host of the ABC TV show Media Watch, talking to reporters outside ABC HQ while raid was going on inside.
“That may be because the offence is too old but that is a scandal.
“It’s also a scandal that the whistle-blower himself has gone through the whistle-blower process, complained to his superiors that something illegal has been done and then decided that he was forced to disclose it to the public.”
If the alleged whistle-blower went to the media as a very last resort after concerns were not addressed internally, should give us pause for thought too.
Intelligence and Security Act
In 2017, a new law overhauling powers of spy agencies here, the Intelligence and Security Act made it easier for people to make a “protected disclosure” to the in-house watchdog the Inspector General of Intelligence and Security.
But those who pass information to journalists may face up to five years in jail.
This has yet to be tested, but it will be brave member of the intelligence services who leaks information the media on that basis.
Journalists will also have the added worry of possible prosecution themselves if pressed to reveal sources.
No breach of security
Mr Greste, speaking on behalf of the Alliance for Journalists’ Freedom – said there’s no evidence the reporters raided or probed in Australia this past week have compromised national security in any way.
The Alliance for Journalists’ Freedom (AFJ), recently published a White Paper calling for a new law to protect the public interest.
“The tool we recommend is a Media Freedom Act that positively puts the role of the press in the middle of our legal system. At the moment, there is nothing in Australian law that explicitly protects press freedom in the way that the First Amendment does in the US constitution. The onus should be shifted to the authorities to show why the public interest defence should not apply. It is also important that the exemption include whistle-blowers,” Mr Greste wrote in a piece for The Conversation.
Mr Greste was famously locked up in an Egyptian jail on trumped up terrorism charges in 2013 while reporting for Al Jazeera.
“I’m not suggesting that Australia is about to become Egypt any time soon but what we are seeing seems to me to be on the same spectrum.”
It could be time to ponder where New Zealand sits on that spectrum too.
Colin Peacock writes the ‘Media Watch’ column for Radio New Zealand. The above article and pictures have been published under a Special Arrangement with www.rnz.co.nz
