Marc Daalder
Most New Zealanders want social media companies to be liable for exposing users to harm and think that Big Tech companies are not doing enough to control extremist content online, according to a new survey.
InternetNZ Annual Internet Insights study found that a large majority of Kiwis surveyed supported a crackdown on social media companies.
Questions around the liability of social media companies for exposing their users to harm and the proliferation of extremist content online were asked for the first time in this year’s study, in the wake of the Christchurch terror attack.
The survey found 71% of people agreed that New Zealand “should implement legal consequences for social media companies who expose their users to harm” and just 14% disagreed.
Meanwhile, 61% disagreed that “social media companies are doing a good job of controlling extremist content online,” while 15% agreed.
Forum for extremists
InternetNZ study also reported that 53% of New Zealanders are extremely or very concerned that the internet “is a forum for extremist material and hate speech” and another 29% said that they were “a little bit concerned.’
Just 3% wee not at all concerned.
This ranked as the seventh highest concern for Kiwis, behind fears around children accessing inappropriate content, cyberbullying and identity theft but ahead of misinformation and lack of access in poor or rural areas.
Meeting public expectations
InternetNZ Engagement Director Andrew Cushen told Newsroom that these numbers showed “there is still work to be done here in terms of public expectation.”
He also explained that these concerns may have ranked seventh because they are relatively new. “These other concerns have a consistent narrative around them in this country, around cyberbullying, security of private data and online crime. They have been part of our consciousness and part of how we respond and manage our lives online for some time.”
“Straight off the block, that a new issue in terms of terrorism and violent extremism online is already receiving concern from a majority of respondents, I think is notable.”
These findings come after Newsroom reported last week that the Government will reform the country’s censorship regime, making it illegal to livestream objectionable content, granting certain agencies the ability to issue take-down notices to websites and fine non-compliant sites, and introducing a system for the creation of internet filters.
Government prefers cooperation
However, the Government has been reluctant to take harsh measures against Big Tech firms like Facebook and Google, saying instead that it could get better results through cooperation.
The Christchurch Call, a non-binding commitment from heads of state and social media companies to “eliminate terrorist and violent extremist content online,” is the country’s centrepiece in this work.
The Call is helping to reform the Global Internet Forum to Counter Terrorism, an industry group formed in 2017 to stop the misuse of online platforms by terrorists.
Networks set up by the Christchurch Call were used to prevent the spread of the livestream of an October synagogue shooting in Germany, with a measure of success.
Christchurch Call little known
However, when polled by InternetNZ, just 20% of Kiwi respondents said they had heard of the Christchurch Call. Of those who did, 80% “understood one or more aspects of it.”
“I was surprised that only 20% had heard of the Christchurch Call. That is an indicator of how what is essentially a diplomatic and multinational initiative is tricky for the everyday New Zealander to embrace at a conceptual level,” Mr Cushen said.
The most recognised aspects were preventing hate speech and crime online, monitoring of social media content by providers, eliminating racist and extremist content online and responding to the March 15 attack.
Mr Cushen said that the high numbers of Kiwis concerned about these issues showed that “while the Christchurch Call itself is not necessarily of high visibility to New Zealanders, the real issues behind it in terms of social media’s responsibilities to its users and the unfortunate and horrible events in Christchurch are important to New Zealanders.”
“That will be a big theme during 2020 as the domestic policy landscape catches up and really, New Zealanders are looking for answers to those questions,” he said.
Marc Daalder is a political reporter based in Wellington who covers climate change, energy, primary industries, technology and the far-right. Twitter: @marcdaalder. The above Report has been published under a Special Arrangement with Newsroom.
Facebook Chief Executive Mark Zuckerberg (Reuters Picture)
